Ⅰ 我国央行金融监管的历程
新中国成立后到1983年以前,我国央行既行使货币发行和金融监管，又从事信贷，储蓄，外汇等业务。属于复合中央银行制。
这时，是大一统的金融体系，中国人民银行是唯一的银行，分支机构设立在全国各地，即管理又经营，所以各级金融机构上下级高度统一。这时期成立的建行（监管 基本建设财政拨款）农行（监管农村金融）还有中国人民保险公司都属于央行。
实际上从78年十一届三中全会后就开始改革了，79年农行，中国银行，建行，从央行分离。只是1983年后，国务院才规定专门行使央行职能，标志着我国现代央行制度确立。随后，随着监管的松动，其他商业银行成立，非银行机构也开始设立。
这期间，央行仍在沿用传统的资金分配方法，没有形成有效的间接监管机制。
1992年证监会成立。
直到1994年，才开始全面的央行改革。不再对企业直接发贷款。95年通过，《中国人民银行法》才确立央行体制。这时央行职能才定下来。央行各省市的分支机构，才转变为监管，统计为主要职能。(补充：90年代出台了很多监管方面的法律，才使监管有法可依《保险法》《证券法》等）
2003年保监会挂牌，随后银监会挂牌，银监会成立标志着央行集货币政策和银行管理于一体的管理模式正式结束。（至此，我国一行三会构成分业监管体系。
Ⅱ 全球知名金融监管机构有哪些
美国 ：商品制与期货交易委员会 （CFTC）、美国证券交易委员会（SEC）
英国 ：金融行为管理局（FCA，原金融服务管理局）
塞浦路斯 ：塞浦路斯证券交易委员会（简称CySEC）
马耳他 ：马耳他金融服务局（MFSA）
日本 ：日本金融期货协会（FFAJ） 、日本金融厅（FSA）
澳大利亚 ：澳大利亚证券和投资委员会（ASIC）
瑞士：瑞士金融市场管理局（FINMA）
德国：德国联邦金融监管局（BaFin）
新加坡：新加坡金融监管局（MAS）
香港：香港证券及期货事务监察委员会（SFC）
Ⅲ 急求经济类外文文章，题目是关于国际金融监管发展趋势
China has joined the WTO, foreign financial institutions with the continuous influx, is bound to China's financial regulatory bodies brought regulatory problems. This paper through the analysis of the international financial regulatory system in the organizational structure, legal system, supervision, self-discipline and supervision of international mechanisms, such as the development trend of China on the basis of financial supervision should be improved following areas: the establishment of an effective financial supervision organizations System, establish and improve financial supervision and legal system, improve China's financial supervision and management, establish and improve China's financial supervision and self-regulatory mechanism, strengthening financial supervision and international cooperation and exchanges.
Financial regulators around the world are facing the common task. Western countries in the long-term monitoring practice, accumulated a lot of useful experience and technology. Comparing countries in the world financial supervision and the different characteristics and trend of development, will help us explore suitable for China's national conditions of the road to financial supervision.
First, the international development trend of financial supervision
(A) the financial regulatory system to the organizational structure of the mixed system of supervision or monitoring of the instry completely mixed mode transition
States system of financial supervision and different organizational structure. Britain's David T Professor Lu Ailin in 1997 to 73 countries in financial supervision and structure study found that 13 countries a single body mixed supervision, 35 state banking, securities, insurance separate supervision , 25 countries of the mixed instry regulation, the latter including the unified supervision of the banking securities and insurance separate supervision (7); unified supervision of the banking insurance, securities regulation alone (13) and the Securities unified insurance regulation, banking supervision alone (three ) Three kinds of forms, and the impact of the financial operation mode, the designated professional regulatory body that is completely separate supervision on the number of countries in showing a decreasing trend, the national financial supervision organizations being part of mixed supervision or completely mixed supervision The mode of transition.
(B) financial supervision and showing a convergence of the rule of law, international development trends
The convergence of financial supervision and the rule of law is that all countries in the monitoring system and the specific mode of interaction, and mutual coordination of the increasingly close. As the economic, social cultural and traditional differences in the legal system, financial supervision and the rule of law in the formation of a certain style in the world have a greater impact on the two categories: First, the British model, known to non-institutionalized, Canada, Australia, New Zealand is an Such. The second is the American model, to standardize the world-famous, strict supervision, Japan, the European continent and more countries are such. Historically, the United Kingdom's financial sector supervision mainly taken the form of instry self-regulation, supervision of the Bank of England in the discharge of their ties formation of the informal style of supervision, not to strict laws and regulations as the basis, but often through moral persuasion, such as gentlemen's agreement to Achieve their goals while the United States is a legal system in the country said, the financial regulatory system as a model for regulating the management, supervision of numerous laws and regulations, the United States for the development of the financial instry to create a standardized and orderly, fair and competitive market environment. Since the 1970s, has two modes of mutual integration of the trend, the United Kingdom continued to the rule of law, law on construction while the United States to move closer to the British model, the deregulation of the enhanced regulatory flexibility.
With the deepening of the international financial, to financial institutions and business activities across national boundaries limitations, in this context, objectively speaking, countries will need the unique regulations and practices into a unified international framework, financial supervision and the rule of law Graal internationalization. Bilateral agreements, regional integration within the framework of monitoring the legal system, particularly the Basel Committee adopted a series of agreements, principles, standards and other countries in the world in the promotion and application of all countries in the world financial regulation will change impact on the legal system.
(C) financial supervision and pay more attention to risk control and supervision of the business innovation
From the regulatory content, the regulatory authorities of the countries in the world has achieved two key regulatory changes: First, pay attention to the regulatory compliance of regulatory compliance and risk control of both changes. Has been past the regulatory authorities will focus on monitoring compliance with regard that as long as the market properly formulate the rules of the game, and to ensure compliance with the implementation of market participants, will be able to achieve regulatory objectives. However, with the banking sector innovation and change, compliance and regulatory shortcomings constantly exposed, it is less sensitive market, banks can not reflect the risk, the corresponding regulatory measures also lag behind the development of the market. In view of this, international organizations and banking supervision in some countries regulatory authorities have launched a series of risk-based supervision of the prudent rules, such as the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision published the "core principles of effective banking supervision", "interest rate risk management principles" , To achieve the regulatory compliance of the regulatory supervision and risk control of both changes. Second, focus on traditional banking regulation and innovation to the traditional business operations both regulatory changes. With the continuous development of financial markets, financial innovations emerging procts, such as financial derivatives trading, online banking transactions and other business innovations, increase their income but also increases the risk, and more proliferation, the impact on the financial markets are more directly And fierce. Therefore, only focus on traditional banking supervision has been unable to fully and objectively reflect the situation of the risk of the banking sector, only "two-pronged", monitoring both traditional and innovative business operations and effectively guard against and defuse the banking instry's overall risk.
(D) increasing emphasis on financial supervision and financial institutions in internal control systems and instry self-regulatory mechanism to the internal controls of financial institutions to implement effective financial supervision is the prerequisite and basis. The world's financial regulatory practice shows that external financial supervision and a powerful force in any case, the degree of supervision and meticulous and careful in any case, if there is no financial institution's internal controls are compatible and work a half times the matter, the financial effect of regulation greatly reced. The management of foreign banks operating in the strong sense of internal control, as this is very important management ideas, throughout the operation and management system work. Foreign commercial banks to set up an independent specialized in general in other sectors, only to the highest authority responsible for the bank's internal audit institutions, and establish a sound internal control system. In recent years, because of Barings Bank, Daiwa Bank and Sumitomo Corporation and a series of serious incidents and internal control mechanism on all the deficiencies or ineffective implementation of a direct relationship between the international financial groups and financial institutions in shock aside, have started re - Review and examine their own internal situation, so as not to repeat the mistakes of others, the regulatory authorities in many countries and a number of important international organizations have begun to monitor the bank's internal control problems to give unprecedented attention.
Financial institutions with instry self-regulatory mechanism as the financial instry enhance security one of the important means by universal attention. To countries on behalf of the European continent, Belgium, France, Germany, Luxembourg, the Netherlands Institute of Bankers in countries such as credit agencies and some professional organizations in the instry to varying degrees, played a supervisory role. Despite the financial instry associations in various countries in the monitoring system status varied, but all countries in comparison to its financial regulatory system in the role.
(5) to the international financial supervision and direction of development
With the internationalization of financial deepening and development of countries the link between financial markets and dependence have been strengthened, and all kinds of risks in the transfer between countries, the spread is inevitable, such as the July 1997 outbreak of the crisis in Southeast Asia To spread to many countries, so that the entire world economy have been a strong shock. Internationalization of the financial demands of the international financial regulation itself, if countries in different regulatory measures on the elastic, will not only weaken the effect of national regulatory measures, but it will also lead to large-scale international speculative funds transfer, the impact of international financial stability. Therefore, the Western countries committed to the joint supervision of international banks, such as the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision, adopted by the "Basel Agreement" unity of the international definition of bank capital and capital standard rate. Various international monitoring organizations have also established and maintained cooperation and exchanges. Another manifestation of the international, national to transnational banking supervision more unified and standardized.
Second, the international financial supervision to the development trend of China's Inspiration
(A) the establishment of an effective system of financial supervision organizations
In 1998 China's financial regulatory system, formation of the People's Bank of China, the SFC, the China Insurance Regulatory Commission were monitoring banking, securities and insurance sub-sector supervision and management system, such a system adapted to the sub-instry of China's financial operation Institutional structures. But with the development of China's financial instry, the business model to meet the needs of graally revealed, the outstanding performance of the banking assets of the project is too concentrated, broker financing channels for poor, low efficiency of insurance capital investment. Then graally relax control management, such as allowing brokers to enter the inter-bank lending market and allow insurance funds to purchase investment funds entering the stock market and to allow the broker stock collateral loans, showing a trend of mixed operations. At the same time, some financial institutions began to follow foreign counterparts, the way to controlling the expansion of the scope of its business, such as the China Everbright Group and the CITIC Group-banking, securities and insurance business in one, a structure in line with international trends of the financial group's prototype. On the other hand, China's accession to the WTO, foreign financial institutions with the massive influx of foreign financial trend is bound to the operation mode of China's financial instry shocks and challenges. Therefore, we should learn from advanced foreign experience to China's financial supervision and organizational structure appropriate reforms to adapt to the changed economic and financial situation.
More developed countries, the regulatory approach, we believe that we can draw the United States consolidated supervision and regulation of the instry with the model, the establishment of the Authority as the country's financial supervisory authority, through the financial holding company to achieve the monitoring of the banking, securities and insurance business Comprehensive supervision, the professional regulatory bodies are still responsible for the supervision of their respective areas. National Financial Authority's main task is to address the financial regulatory vacuum to take timely measures, the financial regulatory bodies of the scope of responsibility of coordinating the various regulatory bodies conflicts of interest, and regulation of ownership, and so on.
This new organizational structure of financial supervision model can meet after the implementation of the operation mode of development of the financial instry's regulatory system requirements, but also to adapt to the business at this stage to the operation mode of the transition period regulatory requirements, it is an ideal Choice
(B) To establish and improve financial supervision and legal system
First of all, based on the domestic financial instry to the development of the status quo, the international financial regulatory changes and new trends in the world after foreign financial institutions merged the supervision of the needs of a timely job of waste regulations, reform, legislation work. Secondly, we must strengthen the financial regulation and law enforcement supervision, so that non-financial regulatory functions of financial regulation and law enforcement departments regulatory functions, such as legal departments, OIA sector.
(C) improve and perfect China's financial supervision, improve the efficiency of regulation
Will monitor compliance with the risk of the combination of monitoring, to check compliance of the premise, risk-based supervision, they both set up bank credit rating system, compliance and risk rating, to strengthen its banking Risk management and the identification and management, enhance self-binding, while the central bank for banks operating accurately grasp the situation and in accordance with the different levels of supervision of banks to adopt different measures to strengthen the supervision of the banking business innovations, such as Internet banking should be formally included in the financial The management of the establishment of specialized banking network access system, developed network security standards, the establishment of security authentication system. Should pay attention to strengthen the regulation can not stifle financial innovation and obstacles; use of modern technology on the implementation of financial operation dynamic, real-time, continuous risk monitoring, in order to promptly resolve regulatory risks increase efficiency.
(D) establish and improve China's financial supervision and self-regulatory mechanism
1, China's financial institutions improve the internal control system. Basically, China's financial institutions have formulated a set of internal control systems, but with the degree of China's financial markets continue to improve, we must further improve and perfect the internal control mechanism. First, a reasonable set of internal control agencies. To China's commercial banks as an example, although more common to set up an internal audit body, but most of all branches under the jurisdiction of lack of independence and authority, should learn from foreign experience, the establishment of the supreme body responsible for the OIA, to To ensure the highest concern about the practice of managers to any problems. Only in this way can we make the highest authority within the regulatory status of clear. Second, the establishment of financial institutions, the internal control audit and evaluation system. China's financial institutions in the self-restraint weak, not strong sense of internal control and supervision over-reliance on external circumstances, the establishment of internal audit and evaluation system is very important. Third, the adequacy of internal control to improve facilities, the establishment of efficient financial management information system. The use of modern computer tools, and information collection, processing, transmission, automation, and the sharing of information resources. Through the establishment of the database, the model, the way to achieve rapid, accurate and reasonable projections and analysis, providing internal control sources of information and the final decision-making support. Fourth, revise and improve the internal control system. Internal control system is the establishment and improvement of a dynamic process, all financial institutions must be timely in accordance with its business development and environmental change constantly revise and improve the internal control system to adapt to its dynamic business development and innovation of financial risk control needs.
2, the establishment of financial instry self-regulatory mechanism. From countries in the world financial system with instry self-regulation of the practice of the construction, trade associations or associations is to meet the financial instry trade protectionism and trade coordination and supervision of the needs of instry spontaneously formed and developed, from the development of China's financial instry analysis of the status quo, there is the financial instry And the rapid development of the financial regulatory authorities in monitoring the relative shortage of contradictions, there is an urgent need to establish the financial supervisory authorities to monitor from the Association Shiyibuque role of the financial system, the creation of a preserve with the instry and orderly competition and guard against financial risks, protect the interests of the members of the instry sectors Self-regulatory mechanism. Recommendations in the financial regulatory authorities to encourage and guide public opinion and the initiative of the spontaneous, on a voluntary basis, the establishment of financial instry trade associations, according to the different types of financial institutions, the establishment of various different parts of the financial trade associations, and on the basis of this form National Association of the financial liaison mechanism, given the financial instry trade associations have protection instry, instry coordination, trade regulation, trade cooperation and exchanges, and other functions.
Ⅳ 简述中国金融监管的一般措施。
一、当前国际经济环境给我国现代化建设带来的历史机遇。（一）经济全球化为我国的对外开放提供了广阔的平台，参与国际分工与协作的空间更加广阔。对于一个国家来说，参与国际分工可以在充分利用本国资源和发挥本国优势的基础上，有效利用国外资源和技术，弥补本国的不足，促进经济的发展。参与国际分工和国际协作越深刻、越密切、越广泛，创造的新生产力也就越多，经济全球化为世界各国参与国际分工创造了一个基本前提和条件，使我们有了一个更加宽广的发展空间。我国积极参与亚太地区的经济合作与协调，主张实现东南亚联盟与我国的经济合作，加入世界贸易组织，融入世界经济体系，使我国吸收和借鉴国外文明成果、发展我国经济的步伐加快。此外，日趋统一的国际大市场和激烈的国际竞争也将给予我国经济以更大的激发力，经济全球化从某种意义上讲就是建立了一个打破国家疆界的更加广阔的经济竞争舞台，各国、各企业在经济全球化所搭建的舞台上一显身手，参与国际竞争，将更加有利于推动我国的产品不断优化与进步，激发中国企业努力进取，接受国际竞争的考验。（二）全球资本市场为弥补我国资本不足提供了便利。资金不足一直是阻碍我国经济发展，影响现代化实现的瓶颈。引进国外的资金，是解决我国资金短缺问题的重要途径。经济全球化促使全球资本市场形成，加快资金在全球范围流动速度，为各国引进资本提供了便利条件和可能性。尤其是信息技术的高速发展以及新的金融工具或金融产品层出不穷，使国际金融市场空前活跃，许多等待投资机会的资金要在国际金融市场上寻求最佳回报率。这些情况的出现为我国解决建设资金短缺的问题提供了良机，近年来，我国每年的引进外资规模都在400亿美元左右，连续多年成为仅次于美国的全球第二大外资引进国，通过引进国外资金促进了国内经济的快速发展。（三）国际产业结构调整为加速我国产业结构升级提供了有利条件。生产要素在全球范围的流动，在世界范围引起产业结构的调整和产业转移的浪潮。发达国家集中力量发展以信息技术为主导的高附加值知识密集型产业，以抢占全球产业结构制高点，同时把劳动密集型产业或传统产业转移到发展中国家或地区，我国人力资源充足，劳动力成本低廉，是跨国公司进行国际产业转移的理想场所。为中国引进先进的科学技术和管理经验，参与国际产业结构调整来加速我国的现代化进程创造了条件。中国不可能像西方国家那样花200多年的时间，按部就班地实行工业化、服务化和知识化社会的演进，但是应该看到今日中国有条件也有机遇在完成农业社会向工业社会转型的同时，推进工业社会向后工业时代发展的历史进程。（四）科学技术在全球的交流与传播为我国吸引国外先进科学技术来实现跨越式发展战略提供了机会。科学技术在全球无国界的发展使任何国家、任何集团、任何个人都已经无力完全垄断和控制新技术的传播，即使能在一定时期控制和垄断科技成果，也不可能永远控制和垄断它。本身已成为商品、可以进入市场买卖的科技成果最终会与一定的产业结合在一起，通过其自身的传递机制，扩散到全球，后进国家有可能利用引进的先进技术，越过或缩短传统产业的发展阶段，赶上和超过先进国家。二、当前国际经济环境给我国现代化建设带来的严峻挑战中国作为现代化建设和市场经济的后来者，从国际经济比较的角度来看，我国现阶段的总体经济发展水平仍然较低，国际经济竞争力尚弱，但参与国际经济分工的程度相对较高，对外贸易和利用外资增长较快，国民经济对国际资本、技术、资源和市场的依存度逐年上升。对外依存度较高而竞争力较低的不平衡状态使我国参与国际经济竞争的自我保护能力相对较弱，这就使得我们在当前的国际经济环境中可能遇到一系列问题甚至威胁。（一）产业结构和市场面对的冲击。在当今世界经济体系里，我国仍然属于国际分工体系外围的发展中国家，产业结构总体上仍然是以劳动密集型产业为主的低层次产业为主导，与发达国家形成的主要还是垂直分工。同时，由于我国外贸依存度和资本依存度相对较高，，外贸出口产品结构、出口市场分布和外资来源国结构等方面又存在高度集中现象，使我国经济发展容易受到发达国家经济发展周期的不良影响和世界经济波动的影响。外商直接投资中的控股与技术垄断往往容易让国内科学技术含量高的产业和产品市场被跨国公司控制，外商投资企业享受的优惠政策也会挤压国内同行业企业的发展，在一定程度上对我国民族工业和产业安全构成威胁。（二）金融安全存在隐患。虽然从整体上看，我国目前的金融体系基本上还是安全的。我国政府在亚洲金融危机之前，已高度重视金融方面的经济安全问题，并采取了一系列加强对金融机构、金融市场监管的政策和措施。但从长远看，我国金融体系的安全仍是经济安全诸问题中需予以重点关注的领域。东亚和东南亚金融危机的教训表明，金融安全是经济安全最复杂也是最重要的组成部分。随着我国对外开放的进一步扩大，金融市场必然要进一步开放，国际金融风险将很容易传入我国；金融市场的进一步开放，必然使我国金融企业面临外国金融企业的激烈竞争，发达国家在服务业、金融业方面的竞争优势十分明显，我国的金融企业从经营方式到金融技术和金融人才与国际金融市场上发达国家的金融企业相比，存在相当大的差距；外国金融企业进入我国，还将使金融监管更加困难，一旦国内经济出现问题，或者外资进入骤然减少，或者投机资本乘机涌入，都会酿成严重的金融危机，严重冲击国家经济，对经济安全构成潜在威胁。（三）被迫接受一些对自己不利而且还不熟悉的国际制度和规则的约束。长期以来，发达国家为实现和维护自己的利益，制定了符合自己需要的国际经济秩序。发展中国家要参与国际经济体系，就必须遵守已有的国际条约和惯例，在经济主权上作出某些让步，发展中国家的经济主权遭到削弱。随着我国加入世界贸易组织和融入经济全球化步伐的加快，中国也将被迫接受一些由西方制定的、对自己不仅相当苛刻而且还不熟悉的国际制度和规则的约束，在某些方面，要依照国际规则对经济管理方式、对外经济政策、法律规则进行一定的调整，这些在一定程度上也会影响我国制定经济政策和执行经济发展战略的自主性。（四）外部不良因素对经济和社会稳定构成的冲击。经济全球化把世界各国纳入一个统一的经济运行体之中，经济的传导性和扩散性日益扩大。随着我国经济开放和融入世界经济步伐的加快，中国经济既会对世界经济产生影响，也会接纳世界经济传递出的各种变量，外部的资源和市场对我国经济发展的影响力度不断加大；参与经济全球化意味着更多的机会，也隐含着巨大的风险，世界经济的波动会迅速影响到我国国内经济的发展，各类不良因素也会迅速传入国内，构成猛烈的冲击。2001年美国经济出现衰退影响整个世界经济的发展，我国的对外出口也因此受到相当大的影响。世界石油市场价格的涨落也直接影响到国内石油的价格。此外，我国还将直面意识形态的挑战。西方资本主义国家借助经济全球化，推行西方政治模式的全球化，通过经济全球化的各种渠道向我国推广西方的思想理念，快捷开放的互联网为西方的思想文化渗透提供了平台，如何应对敌对势力企图借助经济全球化对我发起的思想政治攻势是不容回避的重大挑战。总之，21世纪的中国发展离不开世界，世界的发展也需要中国的进步。当前国际经济环境使我们面临难得的历史机遇，也面对严峻的挑战和考验，只要在参与国际经济合作过程中趋利避害、扬长避短，充分利用新经济所带来的机遇，清醒地认识和防范其可能带来的不利因素与风险，不断增强自己的国际竞争力，那么提高我国综合国力，实现社会主义现代化战略目标就会早日实现。
Ⅳ 国际金融监管改革呈现五大趋势是什么
金融危机以来，国际金融监管改革主要任务是修复引发危机的“断层线”，增强全球金融体系的安全稳健性，更好地满足实体经济金融需求。金融稳定体系包括：良好的宏观经济环境、稳健经营的金融机构、有深度广度的金融市场、有效的金融安全网及完善的金融基础设施。加强金融监管有三个层面：一是微观审慎层面，主要是增强单个银行机构的稳健性，具体包括资本充足性、流动性、杠杆率、大额风险集中度、公司治理、风险文化等方面。二是宏观审慎层面，主要是防止系统性风险传导、缓解顺周期问题，包括解决“大而不倒”、化解影子银行风险和加强逆周期资本补充。三是加强金融基础设施建设方面，主要是完善会计、审计、外部评级、危机处置、OTC、中央交易对手、基准利率等。
国际金融监管改革呈现五个趋势。第一，以巴塞尔协议Ⅲ资本监管为核心，覆盖各类风险，对模型计量的态度更加谨慎，引入简单的杠杆率作为兜底。第二，识别全球系统重要性银行（G-SIBs），提高监管强度，制定恢复和处置计划。第三，从关注银行到关注非银行，包括全球系统重要性保险公司（G-SII）、全球系统重要性非银行非保险金融公司（G-NBNI）和影子银行。影子银行包括5种经济功能：基金、信托等集合类投资，财务公司、租赁、保理等批发融资发放贷款，券商、货币经纪等融资融券，融资性担保、信用保证等信用担保，SIV、ABCP等资产证券化实体功能。第四，强调标准实施的国际一致性，标准要有统一的适用范围、统一的时间表，评估要同步实施、规则一致、实施一致。第五，寻求多元目标，平衡简单性，提高可比性和风险敏感性。
建议我国金融监管要时刻把握风险的动态变化，指导机构建立良好的风险文化、合理的公司治理架构工具和适当的激励。要提高宏观视野，注重监管措施的先后顺序和内在逻辑一致性。关注政策的叠加效应，境外加强监管协调，境内加强金融监管与货币政策、财政政策、产业政策等其他宏观政策的配合，整体提高宏观经济稳定性。在加强监管规则建设的同时，提高有效监管能力，避免因规则过于复杂而诱发监管套利行为、加重监管负担。重视传统监管手段的作用，通过有效监管施压于银行董事会和高管层。应进一步发挥信息披露和市场约束作用。
Ⅵ 世界上有哪些金融监管机构是有权威性的
美国 ：商品与来期货交易委员会 （自CFTC）、美国证券交易委员会（SEC）
英国 ：金融行为管理局（FCA，原金融服务管理局）
塞浦路斯 ：塞浦路斯证券交易委员会（简称CySEC）
马耳他 ：马耳他金融服务局（MFSA）
日本 ：日本金融期货协会（FFAJ） 、日本金融厅（FSA）
澳大利亚 ：澳大利亚证券和投资委员会（ASIC）
瑞士：瑞士金融市场管理局（FINMA）
德国：德国联邦金融监管局（BaFin）
新加坡：新加坡金融监管局（MAS）
香港：香港证券及期货事务监察委员会（SFC）
Ⅶ 止前世界上的国际金融监管组织有哪些
我知道的：来BIS（Bank for International Settlements 国际清自算银行） BCBS（Basel Committee on Banking Supervision 巴塞尔银行监管委员会）
Ⅷ 当前金融监管的国际形势如何
当前，国际形势继续发生深刻变化，我们既面临着需要紧紧抓住的发展机遇，也面对着需要认真对待的严峻挑战。这一判断应成为我们正确看待和把握当前国际形势的基本指导思想。 一、我们面临的国际机遇 1、和平与发展仍然是当今时代的主题。目前，尽管霸权主义、强权政治和军事干涉主义依然存在并有新的发展，诱发武装冲突和局部战争的各种动因仍未消除并有所增强，但各国人民要和平、求稳定、谋发展的呼声日益高涨，反对霸权主义、强权政治的和平力量继续壮大，国际局势总体上继续趋向缓和。这必将继续为我国的发展提供相对稳定的外部环境。 2、世界多极化和经济全球化趋势继续发展。美国虽然是当今世界上唯一的超级大国，但世界多极化趋势正在曲折中不断发展；经济全球化已呈不可阻挡之势，世界各类经济组织、经济区域一体化和世界统一市场正在迅速发展，其结果必将进一步推动商品。技术特别是资本在全球范围的自由流动和配置，从而使得世界各国的经济联系更加紧密，国家间的经济依存性不断增强；由于发达国家高新技术产业的兴起，一些传统产业正在向其他国家转移。这就为包括我国在内的发展中国家参与世界分工、吸引外资、引进技术并获取比较利益，提供了一定的机遇。 3、科技革命迅猛发展。20世纪后期兴起的以信息技术和生物技术为主导的高新技术革命的影响，毫无疑问超过了历史上任何一次技术革命。作为“构成 21世纪的最强大力量之一”的信息技术，已跨越其产业边界，向政治、经济、文化、教育、社会、军事等各个领域渗透，并通过商业化不断开拓新的世界市场，引发巨大的新的市场需求。全球范围内的科技进步浪潮，为我国在技术跨越的基础上实现生产力的跨越式发展提供了现实的可能性。 4、美国称霸全球的“雄心”遇到难以逾越的障碍。美国的胃口太大，结果正应验了《红楼梦》中“大有大的难处”一说。一个小小的伊拉克便让其难题丛生。美国到处插手但却是按住了葫芦起了瓢，手忙脚乱，难见成效。美国现在的处境，极像毛主席上个世纪五六十年代所说的那样：它每侵占一个地方，就为自己的脖子上套上了一根绳索。 5、美国经济潜伏着严重的危机。前几年，学界绝大多数人认为美国经济现状与前景总体上很好；但现在认为美国经济潜伏严重危机的人在增多。2001年前后美国股市泡沫的破灭，以及近3年里美元对欧元贬值 35%，都是美国经济潜伏严重危机的反映和释放。当然，在经济全球化的大背景下，全球经济同时集中体现经济的政治互动性极强，所以美国经济在短期内变数很大。任何事物都逃不脱他的规律性。从一定意义上讲，美国政治上、军事上的霸权主义，是以其金融霸权主义为基础的。目前，美国实际上利用着全世界净储蓄总额的72%。但美国共有7万多亿美元的内外债；其债权、债务相抵后，国际净债务达2万多亿美元，是世界上最大的债务国。一国货币下跌需要三个最基本条件，这就是大量的贸易赤字、财政赤字和投资者的信心下降。1980年前，美国对外贸易通常呈现顺差，而2004年对外贸易赤字己攀升到6000多亿美元。2004年的经常项目赤字为6600亿美元，财政赤字也已超过4200多亿美元。这三大赤字都创下历史新高，在近期内决不可能大幅下降。可以说，现在美元较大幅度跌落的基本条件都已具备，是否大幅度跌落，只欠持有美元者信心进一步大幅下降了。
望采纳，谢谢！
Ⅸ 从 巴塞尔协议 到 巴塞尔新资本协议 说明在国际金融监管中发生了哪些变化
一共有三个巴塞尔资本协议的版本。
Basel-1 ：1988年公布，核心内容是银行最低资版本权本标准为资本充足率达到8%以上。
Basel-2：2004年公布，核心内容是提出了银行业监管的三大支柱，即最大资本要求，监管部门的监管和市场纪律。同时，鼓励银行采用自己建立的内部评级法，来逐笔计量各类资产的风险，并相应到资本充足率上去，以此增强监管指标的风险敏感性。
Basel-3：2010年底确认，核心内容是增加对银行的最低资本要求，优化监管资本的结构和质量，增加对流动性风险的监管，对表外风险的加强监控。总体看，basel-3总结了金融危机的教训，更加重视对系统性风险的监管和防范。
Ⅹ 国际金融监管体制模式主要有哪些
我国的金融监管模式是：人民银行即中国的央行为中国的政策性银行，主专要负属责宏观金融政策法规、货币流通和货币的流通量；银监会主要负责对商业银行的监管；证监会主要负责对证券市场及相关参与者的监管；保监会主要负责对保险市场及其参与者的监管；国家外汇管理局主要负债对中国的外汇储备及外汇市场管理和监管。