① 求有关于金融危机和金融创新论文的参考文献，中英文都可
[1]刘颖,欧阳斌. 金融危机背景下协调金融创新与金融监管冲突的法治对策[J]. 贵州商业高等专科学校学报,2009,(3).
[2]林明凤. 国际金融危机下的金融创新与金融监管[J]. 现代交际,2010,(6).
[3]曹东勃,秦茗. 金融创新与技术创新的耦合——兼论金融危机的深层根源[J]. 财经科学,2009,(1).
[4]丁化美. 在金融危机中加快推进我国金融创新——论金融创新与金融危机辩证关系[J]. 山东经济,2009,(4).
[5]王惠凌,滕进华. 美国金融危机对我国金融创新及金融监管的启示[J]. 特区经济,2009,(6).
[6]王海军,姜磊. 后金融危机时代中国银行业金融创新与发展[J]. 金融发展研究,2010,(12).
[7]王海军,姜磊. 后金融危机时代中国银行业金融创新与发展[J]. 区域金融研究,2011,(1).
[8]张细松. 资产证券化、金融创新与资本市场——基于美国金融危机分析的视角[J]. 云南财经大学学报,2011,(3).
[9]陈强. 后金融危机时代房地产金融创新与风险防范[J]. 价值工程,2011,(33).
[10]李向军,解学成. 引入金融创新的IS-LM模型:金融危机求解[J]. 中央财经大学学报,2010,(2).
[11]陈光华. 美国金融危机战略成因及对我国金融创新的启示[J]. 滨州学院学报,2010,(1).
[12]李翰阳. 从全球金融危机看我国银行业金融创新的进一步发展问题[J]. 国际金融研究,2009,(2).
[13]秦建文,梁珍. 汲取美国金融危机的教训稳健推进中国金融创新[J]. 国际金融研究,2009,(7).
[14]吴文平,刘颖,欧阳斌. 金融危机背景下金融创新与监管的法治对策[J]. 北华大学学报(社会科学版),2009,(4).
[15]秦建文,梁珍. 全球金融危机对中国金融创新发展的启示[J]. 金融论坛,2009,(7).
[16]张华荣,陈伟雄. 金融危机下对西方发达国家金融创新过度的思考——基于马克思主义经济学视阈的分析[J]. 福建行政学院学报,2009,(6).
[17]吴丽红. 从美国金融危机看金融创新及其风险防范[J]. 改革与战略,2010,(1).
[18]刘红. 基于金融危机视角的商业银行金融创新研究[D]. 山东经济学院: 山东经济学院,2010.
[19]岳彩申,张晓东. 金融创新产品法律责任制度的完善——后金融危机时代的反思[J]. 法学论坛,2010,(5).
[20]狄瑞鸿. 透视美国金融危机中的金融创新“蝴蝶效应”[J]. 兰州商学院学报,2009,(4).
[21]周逢民. 后金融危机时代的金融创新——在哈尔滨金融学院建校60周年金融高端论坛上的演讲[J]. 黑龙江金融,2010,(11).
[22]吴云峰. 后危机时代我国金融创新监管的法律因应之道——以美国次贷危机为视点[J]. 北方法学,2011,(4).
[23]张梅. 后金融危机时期的金融创新策略与风险监管[J]. 上海金融,2010,(2).
[24]黄嘉仪. 金融危机成因中的金融创新因素分析[D]. 吉林大学: 吉林大学,2010.
[25]记者 姜欣欣. 在改善风险监管的基础上加快银行创新[N]. 金融时报,2010-02-01(008).
[26]祁绍斌. 从迪拜金融危机看金融创新与金融监管之关系[J]. 生产力研究,2011,(4).
[27]王海波,尹晓海. 从美国金融危机看金融创新与金融监管[J]. 中国经贸导刊,2010,(11).
[28]李若璇. 金融危机警示我国金融监管与金融创新应该相匹配[J]. 中国商界(下半月),2010,(6).
[29]盛硕. 后金融危机时代美国金融监管改革与金融创新[J]. 市场周刊(理论研究),2010,(7).
[30]皮天雷. 金融创新与金融监管:当前金融危机下的解读[J]. 西南金融,2009,(6).
[31]沈联涛. 金融创新、金融监管与此次金融危机的联系及其改革方向[J]. 国际金融研究,2010,(1).
[32]胥爱欢. 金融创新的激励机制与金融危机形成机制——基于异质信念、创新脆弱性的分析[J]. 金融教学与研究,2010,(5).
[33]记者 姜微姚玉洁. 金融中心指数排名,上海一年疾升25位[N]. 新华每日电讯,2009-11-11(006).
[34]刘畅. 后金融危机时代中国商业银行金融创新的路径选择[J]. 时代金融,2010,(11).
[35]昌忠泽. 对美国金融危机的反思——金融创新角度[J]. 天津社会科学,2010,(6).
[36]王晖. 浅议后金融危机时代我国的银行管理与金融创新[J]. 中小企业管理与科技(上旬刊),2011,(2).
[37]冯振伟. 浅谈美国金融危机对我国金融创新的启示[J]. 决策探索(下半月),2011,(2).
[38]李昌镛. 金融危机与金融创新之于亚洲[J]. 中国科技财富,2011,(11).
[39]樊鑫. 试论金融危机下当前我国的金融创新[J]. 中国外资,2011,(10).
[40]亚洲开发银行首席经济学家李昌镛 金融危机与金融创新[J]. 中国高新区,2011,(6).
[41]韩骏. 国际金融危机后我国金融创新的路径选择[J]. 投资研究,2010,(10).
[42]郑惠文. 后金融危机时代的风险监管理念及金融创新策略[J]. 金融经济,2011,(14).
[43]孙松,李栋. 金融危机视角下我国银行业的金融创新[J]. 东方企业文化,2011,(6).
[44]千珊珊,苏季萍. 浅析国际金融危机下金融创新之利与弊[J]. 思想战线,2011,(S1).
[45]常霞. 美国金融危机与我国金融创新[J]. 品牌(理论版),2009,(Z2).
[46]周静,王冀宁,茅宁. 金融危机下的中小企业融资与金融创新[J]. 现代管理科学,2010,(1).
[47]张志杰,刘力铭. 金融危机背景下的金融创新反思[J]. 现代营销(学苑版),2010,(3).
[48]王侨钰. 金融危机对我国金融创新与风险监管的启示[J]. 华北金融,2010,(2).
[49]郑卫国,潘望春. 金融危机视角下的金融创新与风险防范[J]. 福建金融,2010,(2).
[50]刘明辉,何敬. 自由与罪恶——金融创新与金融危机[J]. 财务与会计,2010,(1).
② 论文英文参考文献 急求5本关于农村金融研究的英文版书籍
作者:Brealey,R., S.Myers and F. Allen, 书名:Corperate Finance版本及出版商:McGraw-Hill, 2006(8.Auflage)主要内容:赢利,风险分析,股票,证券发行,投资版及融资相关本文来自: 中国权经济学教育科研网论坛( http://bbs.cenet.org.cn) 详细出处参考： http://bbs.cenet.org.cn/dispbbs.asp?boardid=92513&ID=101272
③ 英文论文参考文献是什么
留学生在参考文献的列举，或者可以说是陈列方面有比较多的标注方法，常见的有五种：Harvard
referencing
system哈佛文献标记系统；CMS：Chicago
Manual
of
Style(CMS)芝加哥写作和文献标注系统；APA
Style：American
Psychological
Association美国心理学会写作和文献标记办法；AMA：American
Medical
Association美国医学会文献标注系统；MLA：现代语言学会写作和文献标注系统。但是最常用的就是前两种，今天来说一下哈佛文献的注释格式吧！
哈佛文献注释体系起源于美国，经过几十年的发展已经成为一种国际性的学术规范，具备了灵活、简洁、清楚的特点，对作者和读者来说都较为方便。它也叫做作者-日期法，每一个引文，无论是直接还是间接都应该分别在两处注明——在文中引用处注明，在全书或是全文最后的参考书目处注明。
1、在文中引用处注释。当作者姓名在句子中自然出现，给出作者姓和出版年份，将出版年份在小括号内；当作者姓名不在句子中自然出现时，姓和出版年份都放在括号内；被引用的作者在同一年出现了两部以上著作或发表了两篇以上的炉温，用小写字母abc加以区别，放在年份后面；如果被引用著作有两位作者，要讲两位作者的姓同时给出等。
2、在全书（文）后参考书目处注释。所有参考书目以作者姓名的字母顺序排列，一个作者有多本著作时，则按年份先后排列顺序，一个作者一年内有多本著作出版或论文发表，在年份后按月份先后加小写字母abc等加以区别。这样排列的好处是：只有一个按字母顺序排列的参考书目，便于读者查阅；整个文档不需要脚注；便于修改，即使是最后一刻要删去或增加某条注释，可随时增删，不需要重新排序；每个注释只在参考书目中出现一次，而无论它在文中被引用过几次。
④ 论文的外文参考文献从哪里找呢
在中国期刊网http://www.cnki.net/里找，有那种英文的文献，之后翻译过来。万方、维普都可以。或者直版接到外人数据库找权。
APS美国物理学会电子出版物
AIP美国物理研究所电子出版物
ASME美国机械工程师学会电子期刊
ASCE美国土木工程协会电子期刊
ACS美国化学学会数据库
IOP英国皇家物理学会期刊
RSC英国皇家化学学会期刊
AIAA美国航空航天学会
John Wiley电子期刊
Kluwer电子期刊
Springer LINK 电子期刊
EBSCO学术、商业信息数据库
Elsevier Science
IEEE/IEE Electronic Library
ACM Digital Library
但估计你们学校没有数据库。
如果找不到干脆找个中文的自己翻译过来算了。
⑤ 经济类论文英文参考文献
Lin G C S, Yi F. Urbanization of capital or capitalization on urban land? Land development and local public finance in urbanizing China[J]. Urban Geography, 2011, 32(1): 50-79. Robalino J A. Land conservation policies and income distribution: who bears the burden of our environmental efforts?[J]. Environment and Development Economics, 2007, 12(4): 521-533.
⑥ 会计论文相关的英语参考文献
Accounting for R&D in the National Accounts
Dennis Fixler
Bureau of Economic Analysis
24 February 2009
Paper presented at ASSA meetings in
San Francisco, January 2009
http://bea.doc.gov/papers/pdf/Accounting%20for%20RD_02_09.pdf
Accounting information as political currency*
Karthik Ramanna
Harvard Business School
[email protected]
and
Sugata Roychowdhury
MIT Sloan School of Management
[email protected]
This draft: March 31, 2008
Abstract:
We test whether accounting can be used as political currency. Our setting is the US congressional election of 2004, where outsourcing of US jobs was a campaign issue. We find that the largest corporate donors to principal candidates in closely watched congressional races manage earnings downwards in the two quarters immediately preceding the 2004 election. We find no evidence of such downwards earnings management among corporate donors to candidates in all other congressional races. Election outcomes for candidates are also systematically associated with the extent of donors' downwards earnings management in closely watched races, but not all other races. The findings are consistent with firms managing accounting information in circumstances where this is likely to benefit allied politicians.
http://www.hbs.e/research/pdf/08-100.pdf
哈佛商学院2008年3月31日
⑦ 给提供两个个论文的英文参考文献
-- For Jin Zhenghao, this November has been the most stressful month in his 25 years of life.
A financial engineering major at Xiamen University in southeast China's Fujian Province, Jin is desperately trying to find a job before graating in June 2009.
November is when the school gave him time to market himself to potential employers. Jin has sent resumes to nearly 30 companies, resulting in five interviews. So far, he has received no job offers.
Related readings:
Employment heads towards 'grim situation'
Job fairs opened for graates amid financial crisis
China opens nationwide job fairs for graates
Now, Jin is paying 2,000 yuan (US$293) a month to live in Shanghai, the country's financial hub, in hopes of securing more interviews.
"Companies either have few job vacancies or simply don't want new people," Jin told Xinhua over the phone. Only a year ago, he added, graates like him, would end up with job offers from several well-known international or domestic financial companies before graation.
"The situation is obviously very bad this year. The financial crisis is a major reason," said Jin. "I'm really worried."
Many financial companies, particularly international big names, have cut employees this year e to overseas problems in stock markets.
Jin is not the only one to feel the economic shockwave from the developed world. Thousands of factories which used to manufacture shoes, clothes or toys for export, have been closed or are struggling for survival as foreign orders declined.
This not only means there are more unemployed people, but also fewer opportunities for first-time job seekers.
Deputy Minister of Human Resources and Social Security Zhang Xiaojian said here on Thursday that 6.1 million college and university students will graate in the first half of next year.
An additional four million college students who graated in previous years have not found jobs and will also be vying for limited opportunities.
"If companies' demand for new employees drops significantly, finding a job will definitely become more difficult for college students," Zhang said.
Professor Yue Changjun, an expert on ecation and economy at Peking University in Beijing, told China Youth Daily that 67,000 private Chinese companies closed in the first half of this year.
According to Yue, this is a significant figure because private companies employed 34.2 percent of college graates last year.
"How come I can't find a job?" a Peking University student, anonymously named "Rebecca ycj", asked in a message posted on the university's online forum.
The law student said she applied for jobs at several firms, state-owned enterprises, banks and even a news agency, but every time she was refused.
Research from 51job.com, a popular job-seeking website in China, showed the financial service, real estate, foreign trade and manufacturing instries were the hardest hit sectors as a result of the economic slowdown.
The number of job vacancies in financial services, for example, dropped by 12 percent in the July-November period, compared with the same period of last year.
Zhang said the government, schools and students were moving quickly to try to address the difficulties.
A total of 259 job fairs are currently underway throughout China. Nearly 30,000 enterprises, government organs and public institutions will offer more than 500,000 jobs at those fairs before November 30, said Zhang.
"The major idea is to help college graates obtain employment information, create more job opportunities and encourage students to work in less developed geographical areas where they are welcomed," he said.
Prof. Li Daokui of Tsinghua University said because not all sectors are affected by the recession overseas, the prospect of employment isn't as dire as some people feel.
The government announced a 4 trillion yuan stimulus package to boost the economy and domestic demand.
"As long as China's economy maintains 9 percent growth, 10 million new jobs can be created every year," Li said.
Meanwhile, students are encouraged to think more creatively when applying for jobs, for example, they need to lower their salary expectations or consider working in rural instead of urban areas.
In a country with more than 1.3 billion people, college ecation used to be considered a guarantee for good income, a decent work place and a passport to big cities like Beijing and Shanghai. Things have changed now.
Jin said financial risk management companies and consulting firms were his first choice for work because entry-level income can be at least 7,000 yuan a month.
"Now 5,000 yuan or even lower is acceptable, as long as I work in the financial field," he said.
The financial crisis has also made government jobs an unexpected favorite among graates.
A total of 775,000 people applied for a national examination to qualify as government servants. That's the highest number since 1994 and 130,000 people more than applied last year, said Yang Shiqiu, Deputy Minister of Human Resources and Social Security.
"Only 13,500 persons will be recruited, meaning less than two in every 100 people will succeed," he said.
以上为CHINA DAILY
⑧ 毕业论文外文翻译中这几个英文的参考文献翻译成中文格式的参考文献
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⑨ 高分求国贸专业论文英文参考文献
1. Risk-Based Capital Standards and the Riskiness of Bank Portfolios: Credit and Factor Risks [5.317%]
Steven R. Grenadier & Brian J. Hall
1995 Downloadable (with restrictions)! Bank risk-based capital (RBC) standards require banks to hold differing amounts of capital for different classes of assets, based almost entirely on a credit risk criterion. The paper provides both a theoretical and empirical framework for evaluating such standards. A model outlining a pricing methodology for loans subject to default risk is presented. The model shows that the returns on such loans are affected by the complicated interaction of the likelihood of default, the consequences of default, term structure variables, and the pricing of factor risks in the economy. When we examine whether the risk weights accurately reflect bank asset risk, we find that the weights fail even in their limited goal of correctly quantifying credit risk. For example, our findings indicate that the RBC weights overpenalize home mortgages, which have an average credit loss of 13 basis points, relative to commercial and consumer loans. The RBC rules also contain a significant bias agains
2. Pricing Derivatives on Financial Securities Subject to Credit Risk [5.058%]
Jarrow, Robert A & Turnbull, Stuart M
Downloadable (with restrictions)! Author(s): Jarrow, Robert A & Turnbull, Stuart M. 1995 Abstract: This article provides a new methodology for pricing and hedging derivative securities involving credit risk. Two types of credit risks are considered. The first is where the asset underlying the derivative security may default. The second is where the writer of the derivative security may default. The authors apply the foreign currency analogy of R. Jarrow and S. Turnbull (1991) to decompose the dollar payoff from a risky security into a certain payoff and a 'spot exchange rate.' Arbitrage-free valuation techniques are then employed. This methodology can be applied to corporate debt and over the counter derivatives, such as swaps and caps. Copyright 1995 by American Finance Association.
3. The nature of credit risk in project finance [5.057%]
Marco Sorge
Downloadable ! Author(s): Marco Sorge. 2004 Abstract: In project finance, credit risk tends to be relatively high at project inception and to diminish over the life of the project. Hence, longer-maturity loans would be cheaper than shorter-term credits.
4. Valuation of Credit Risk in Agricultural Mortgages [5.056%]
Sherrick, Bruce J & Barry, Peter J & Ellinger, Paul N
2000 Downloadable (with restrictions)! A credit-risk valuation model is developed and empirically implemented to estimate the cost of loss distributions across a broad set of loan-level and pool-level characteristics is used to assess insuring against credit risks in pools of agricultural mortgage loans. Probabilistic information about insurance valuation and solvency likelihood. The effects on the value of credit-risk insurance of pool size, dectibles, timing alterations, premium loadings, adverse loan selection, and changing underwriting standards are also estimated. Results indicate that actuarial insurance costs are initially highly sensitive and then become relatively insensitive as pool size increases. Copyright 2000 by American Agricultural Economics Association
5. Could Regional and Cantonal Banks Rece Credit Risk through National Diversification? [5.055%]
Bertrand Rime
2007 Downloadable! This paper evaluates the rection of credit risk that can be achieved in Switzerland by a national diversification of bank lending. Using a credit risk model based on corporate default rates, I find that the risk of a nationally diversified loan portfolio is up to 20% smaller than the sum of the risks of regional portfolios. From a financial stability perspective, this substantial risk diversification potential should motivate particular scrutiny on the more than hundred Swiss banks staying on the regional business model.
6. The Credit Risk Transfer Market and Stability Implications for U.K. Financial Institutions [5.052%]
Li L. Ong & Jorge A. Chan-Lau
Downloadable ! Author(s): Li L. Ong & Jorge A. Chan-Lau. 2006 Abstract: The increasing ability to trade credit risk in financial markets has facilitated its dispersion across the financial and other sectors. However, specific risks attached to credit risk transfer (CRT) instruments in a market with still-limited liquidity means that its rapid expansion may actually pose problems for financial sector stability in the event of a major negative shock to credit markets. This paper attempts to quantify the exposure of major U.K. financial groups to credit derivatives, by applying a vector autoregression (VAR) model to publicly available market prices. Our results indicate that use of credit derivatives does not pose a substantial threat to financial sector stability in the United Kingdom. Exposures across major financial institutions appear sufficiently diversified to limit the impact of any shock to the market, while major insurance companies are largely exposed to the
7. Ratings versus equity-based credit risk modelling: an empirical analysis [5.052%]
Pamela Nickell & William Perraudin & Simone Varotto
Downloadable ! Author(s): Pamela Nickell & William Perraudin & Simone Varotto. Abstract: Banks have recently developed new techniques for gauging the credit risk associated with portfolios of illiquid, defaultable instruments. These techniques could revolutionise banks' management of credit risk and could in the longer term serve as a more risk-sensitive basis for calculating regulatory capital on banks' loan books than the current 8% capital charge. In this paper, examples are implemented of the two main types of credit risk model developed so far: ratings-based and equity-based approaches. Using price data on large eurobond portfolios, the paper assesses, on an out-of-sample basis, how well these models track the risks they claim to measure.
8. Comparing mortgage credit risk policies : an options-based approach [5.050%]
Buckley, Robert & Karaguishiyeva, Gulmira & Van Order, Robert & Vecvagare, Laura
Downloadable ! Author(s): Buckley, Robert & Karaguishiyeva, Gulmira & Van Order, Robert & Vecvagare, Laura. 2003 Abstract: Buckley, Karaguishiyeva,Van Order, and Vecvagare analyze the structure of approaches to mortgage credit risk that are now being used in a number of OECD and transition economies. The authors'basic approach is to show how option pricing models can help measure and evaluate the risks of various schemes. They find that mortgage default insurance can be a cost-effective tool for both improving housing affordability and efficiently addressing some of the rationing that characterizes this market. When correctly structured, as it is in a number of transition and market countries, this kind of program can be expected to rece nonprice rationing at an actuarially fair price. At the same time, considerable care must be exercised in the development of such instruments. Geographical risk diversification, particularly across borders, can play a major role in the success of these programs.
9. Quadratic Portfolio Credit Risk models with Shot-noise Effects [5.049%]
Gaspar, Raquel M. & Schmidt, Thorsten
2005 Downloadable!<BR> We propose a reced form model for default that allows us to derive closed-form solutions to all the key ingredients in credit risk modeling: risk-free bond prices, defaultable bond prices (with and without stochastic recovery) and probabilities of survival. We show that all these quantities can be represented in general exponential quadratic forms, despite the fact that the intensity is allowed to jump procing shot-noise effects. In addition, we show how to price defaultable digital puts, CDSs and options on defaultable bonds. Further on, we study a model for portfolio credit risk where we consider both firm specific and systematic risks. The model generalizes the attempt from Duffie and Garleanu (2001). We find that the model proces realistic default correlation and clustering of defaults. Then, we show how to price first-to-default swaps, CDOs, and draw the link to currently proposed credit indices.
10. Macro stress testing with a macroeconomic credit risk model for Finland [5.049%]
Virolainen , Kimmo
Downloadable ! Author(s): Virolainen , Kimmo. 2004 Abstract: In the discussion paper, we employ data on instry-specific corporate sector bankruptcies over the time period from 1986 to 2003 and estimate a macroeconomic credit risk model for the Finnish corporate sector. The sample period includes a severe recession with significantly higher-than-average default rates in the early 1990s. The results suggest a significant relationship between corporate sector default rates and key macroeconomic factors including GDP, interest rates and corporate indebtedness. The estimated model is employed to analyse corporate credit risks conditional on current macroeconomic conditions. Furthermore, the paper presents some examples of applying the model to macro stress testing, ie analysing the effects of various adverse macroeconomic events on the banks’ credit risks stemming from the corporate sector. The results of the stress tests suggest that Finnish corporate sector credit risks are fairly limited in the current macr