noa財務指標

⑴ 理想的三季報背後：極致省錢，極致花錢

在中金公司最近發布的特斯拉、蔚來、小鵬、理想的關鍵指標的報告中，理想汽車在單車R&D研發費用上僅高於特斯拉，而在單車SG&A銷售及行政管理費用這項指標上比特斯拉還要低。

當然，在汽車這個重研發、重投入的產業，省什麼都不能省研發費用。

理想汽車現階段之所以研發費用少，其實和其選擇的產品策略有很大關系。

理想汽車目前只有一款車型，而且是統一配置，這帶來的好處就是：

團隊規模不用那麼大，精力也不會過於分散，而且也沒有太多的差異化功能模塊需要開發，這勢必會減少研發開支。

另一個業內觀點認為，因為理想的首款車型走的是增程式技術路線，很多的零部件都已經比較成熟，相較於從頭開始自研三電系統的純電車企來說，研發投入相對更少。

但研發投入少並不會成為理想汽車的常態。

李想明確表示，在後續第二款車型的研發上，他們將大大增加資金和人員的投入，特別是在自動駕駛技術的研發上，投入將會有一個明顯的增長。

畢竟，現在手握190億人民幣資金儲備的理想並不差錢。

李想仍然非常看重資金的使用效率。

今年10月，李想在朋友圈更新動態：

「理想汽車IPO以後的12個月，不做任何財務投資和對外投資，避免貪心和誘惑。所有的資金都用於技術研發、用戶服務、質量提升、人才引進，且加倍投入。其餘錦上添花的錢一律不花。」

理想也曾遭遇過錢荒。

在理想IPO上市儀式上，李想回憶過一段艱難的經歷：

「當時公司C輪融資遲遲沒有進展，而且正處在沖刺量產交付的關鍵階段。那段時間的李想見過上百個投資機構，但是都沒人投錢，因為很多投資人不看好理想的增程式電動車路線。李想甚至因為融不到資而導致身體免疫系統出現問題，病了3個月。」

最後，是經緯創投的張穎給李想出了主意，讓他去向最好的朋友拉投資。後來的故事我們都知道，王興和張一鳴在理想汽車C融資中下注，聯合老股東共投資了5.3億美元，幫助理想汽車渡過了難關。

有SEV項目的首戰失利，又有後期階段性的融資不順，這就更加容易理解理想無論在運營還在研發上過去極致的「摳」。

不過在當前的大牛市下，新造車頭部公司們糧草充足，正忙於布局未來：

據媒體報道，蔚來近日已經在內部調研自研晶元的可行性；何小鵬宣布明年小鵬汽車將擴招5000人；而理想也在為第二款車型以及更多智能技術的自研厲兵秣馬。

在打造智能汽車的道路上，務實的產品經理李想能否帶領理想汽車邁入千億美金甚至萬億美金的公司行列，充滿未知也值得期待。

本文來源於汽車之家車家號作者，不代表汽車之家的觀點立場。

⑵ 急求財務管理學課程描述的英文翻譯·····需要出國轉學分用··！！

Course category: the base of the discipline
Course nature: required
Course name: Financial Management
The course: 48 hours
Credits: 3 credit
First courses: no
A, course description
Financial management is applied economy, management discipline, the course to enterprise capital movement as the center content, in order to raise funds, release, cost, income and distribution as frame, this paper expounds the basic concepts of financial management, management principle, management system and the forecast, theoretical issues such as planning, control, analysis and other business methods. The thesis discusses in the new financial environment enterprise annexing, capital operation and enterprise listed, the multinational companies, financial management, financial management frontier.
Through the study, make the students master the financial management system of basic theory and basic knowledge, and on the basis of mastering the financial management of various business methods, training students' financial analysis and solve financial management problem ability, for business decision-making service, and to learn other course lay a good foundation.
Second, teaching content and basic requirements
The first chapter: general (2 hours)
The teaching contents: financial management concepts, objectives, principles and methods.
Teaching requirements: grasp the concept of financial management, understand the main ideas of the financial management target and advantages and disadvantages; Master the principle of financial management; The main methods to know about financial management.
Chapter 2: financial management values (6 hours)
The teaching contents: time value, the risk/reward, the interest rate and stock valuations.
Teaching requirements: understand the concept of time value, economic essence; Mastering the time value of related calculation; Grasp the concept of risk/reward, single asset risk compensation and of the calculation of the portfolio risk assets of the calculation of the remuneration; Understand the concept of interest rates and the kind of high and low interest rates, affect basic factors and the future interest rate level calculate; Master bonds and stock valuation the basic method of the valuation.
Chapter 3: financial analysis (4 hours)
The teaching contents: enterprise financial analysis of the basic theory and method.
Teaching requirements: to understand the role of enterprise financial analysis, purpose, foundation, types and proceres; Can correctly using ratio analysis of enterprise debt paying ability, operation ability and the ability to obtain analysis; Master enterprise financial status of the trend analysis and comprehensive analysis method.
Chapter 4: long-term financing introction (2 hours)
The teaching contents: enterprise financing motivation, type and environment, financing number of forecasting methods
Teaching requirements: knowledge of the enterprise financing for the basic motive and principles; Understand the different types of enterprise financing; The analysis enterprise financing environment and its influence on financing; Master enterprise financing quantity prediction of the basic basis and specific methods.
Chapter 5: long-term financing way (4 hours)
The teaching contents: enterprise long-term financing ways apply, including equity financing, financing and full of mixed financing three categories.
Teaching requirements: to know the main body of the capital, the types and the advantages and disadvantages; Understand the classification of common stock, listed on the stock exchange decision and stock issuance pricing methods; Understand the advantages and disadvantages of common stock financing; Understand the types of bonds, bond issue the methods, the bonds of pricing rating; Understand the advantages and disadvantages of the bond financing; Understand the type of long-term loans, bank credit conditions may, enterprise to loan bank choice; Understand the advantages and disadvantages of long-term loans financing; Master of the lease of the determination of species, the rent; Understand the advantages and disadvantages of the lease financing; Understanding the characteristics of preferred stock, preferred stock motives; Understand the advantages and disadvantages of preferred stock financing.
Chapter 6: long-term financing decision (6 hours)
The teaching contents: the cost of capital, leverage and risk, capital structure theory and capital structure decisions.
Teaching requirements: understand the cost of capital structure, type and role; Master indivial capital cost rate and the comprehensive capital cost rate calculation method; Understanding the role of business lever principle to measure the business leverage coefficient method and its application; Understanding the role of financial leverage principle; Master of financial leverage coefficient of calculation methods and application; Understanding the role of joint lever principle; Master the methods of measure the joint lever coefficient and its applications.