① 求有關於金融危機和金融創新論文的參考文獻，中英文都可
[1]劉穎,歐陽斌. 金融危機背景下協調金融創新與金融監管沖突的法治對策[J]. 貴州商業高等專科學校學報,2009,(3).
[2]林明鳳. 國際金融危機下的金融創新與金融監管[J]. 現代交際,2010,(6).
[3]曹東勃,秦茗. 金融創新與技術創新的耦合——兼論金融危機的深層根源[J]. 財經科學,2009,(1).
[4]丁化美. 在金融危機中加快推進我國金融創新——論金融創新與金融危機辯證關系[J]. 山東經濟,2009,(4).
[5]王惠凌,滕進華. 美國金融危機對我國金融創新及金融監管的啟示[J]. 特區經濟,2009,(6).
[6]王海軍,姜磊. 後金融危機時代中國銀行業金融創新與發展[J]. 金融發展研究,2010,(12).
[7]王海軍,姜磊. 後金融危機時代中國銀行業金融創新與發展[J]. 區域金融研究,2011,(1).
[8]張細松. 資產證券化、金融創新與資本市場——基於美國金融危機分析的視角[J]. 雲南財經大學學報,2011,(3).
[9]陳強. 後金融危機時代房地產金融創新與風險防範[J]. 價值工程,2011,(33).
[10]李向軍,解學成. 引入金融創新的IS-LM模型:金融危機求解[J]. 中央財經大學學報,2010,(2).
[11]陳光華. 美國金融危機戰略成因及對我國金融創新的啟示[J]. 濱州學院學報,2010,(1).
[12]李翰陽. 從全球金融危機看我國銀行業金融創新的進一步發展問題[J]. 國際金融研究,2009,(2).
[13]秦建文,梁珍. 汲取美國金融危機的教訓穩健推進中國金融創新[J]. 國際金融研究,2009,(7).
[14]吳文平,劉穎,歐陽斌. 金融危機背景下金融創新與監管的法治對策[J]. 北華大學學報(社會科學版),2009,(4).
[15]秦建文,梁珍. 全球金融危機對中國金融創新發展的啟示[J]. 金融論壇,2009,(7).
[16]張華榮,陳偉雄. 金融危機下對西方發達國家金融創新過度的思考——基於馬克思主義經濟學視閾的分析[J]. 福建行政學院學報,2009,(6).
[17]吳麗紅. 從美國金融危機看金融創新及其風險防範[J]. 改革與戰略,2010,(1).
[18]劉紅. 基於金融危機視角的商業銀行金融創新研究[D]. 山東經濟學院: 山東經濟學院,2010.
[19]岳彩申,張曉東. 金融創新產品法律責任制度的完善——後金融危機時代的反思[J]. 法學論壇,2010,(5).
[20]狄瑞鴻. 透視美國金融危機中的金融創新「蝴蝶效應」[J]. 蘭州商學院學報,2009,(4).
[21]周逢民. 後金融危機時代的金融創新——在哈爾濱金融學院建校60周年金融高端論壇上的演講[J]. 黑龍江金融,2010,(11).
[22]吳雲峰. 後危機時代我國金融創新監管的法律因應之道——以美國次貸危機為視點[J]. 北方法學,2011,(4).
[23]張梅. 後金融危機時期的金融創新策略與風險監管[J]. 上海金融,2010,(2).
[24]黃嘉儀. 金融危機成因中的金融創新因素分析[D]. 吉林大學: 吉林大學,2010.
[25]記者 姜欣欣. 在改善風險監管的基礎上加快銀行創新[N]. 金融時報,2010-02-01(008).
[26]祁紹斌. 從迪拜金融危機看金融創新與金融監管之關系[J]. 生產力研究,2011,(4).
[27]王海波,尹曉海. 從美國金融危機看金融創新與金融監管[J]. 中國經貿導刊,2010,(11).
[28]李若璇. 金融危機警示我國金融監管與金融創新應該相匹配[J]. 中國商界(下半月),2010,(6).
[29]盛碩. 後金融危機時代美國金融監管改革與金融創新[J]. 市場周刊(理論研究),2010,(7).
[30]皮天雷. 金融創新與金融監管:當前金融危機下的解讀[J]. 西南金融,2009,(6).
[31]沈聯濤. 金融創新、金融監管與此次金融危機的聯系及其改革方向[J]. 國際金融研究,2010,(1).
[32]胥愛歡. 金融創新的激勵機制與金融危機形成機制——基於異質信念、創新脆弱性的分析[J]. 金融教學與研究,2010,(5).
[33]記者 姜微姚玉潔. 金融中心指數排名,上海一年疾升25位[N]. 新華每日電訊,2009-11-11(006).
[34]劉暢. 後金融危機時代中國商業銀行金融創新的路徑選擇[J]. 時代金融,2010,(11).
[35]昌忠澤. 對美國金融危機的反思——金融創新角度[J]. 天津社會科學,2010,(6).
[36]王暉. 淺議後金融危機時代我國的銀行管理與金融創新[J]. 中小企業管理與科技(上旬刊),2011,(2).
[37]馮振偉. 淺談美國金融危機對我國金融創新的啟示[J]. 決策探索(下半月),2011,(2).
[38]李昌鏞. 金融危機與金融創新之於亞洲[J]. 中國科技財富,2011,(11).
[39]樊鑫. 試論金融危機下當前我國的金融創新[J]. 中國外資,2011,(10).
[40]亞洲開發銀行首席經濟學家李昌鏞 金融危機與金融創新[J]. 中國高新區,2011,(6).
[41]韓駿. 國際金融危機後我國金融創新的路徑選擇[J]. 投資研究,2010,(10).
[42]鄭惠文. 後金融危機時代的風險監管理念及金融創新策略[J]. 金融經濟,2011,(14).
[43]孫松,李棟. 金融危機視角下我國銀行業的金融創新[J]. 東方企業文化,2011,(6).
[44]千珊珊,蘇季萍. 淺析國際金融危機下金融創新之利與弊[J]. 思想戰線,2011,(S1).
[45]常霞. 美國金融危機與我國金融創新[J]. 品牌(理論版),2009,(Z2).
[46]周靜,王冀寧,茅寧. 金融危機下的中小企業融資與金融創新[J]. 現代管理科學,2010,(1).
[47]張志傑,劉力銘. 金融危機背景下的金融創新反思[J]. 現代營銷(學苑版),2010,(3).
[48]王僑鈺. 金融危機對我國金融創新與風險監管的啟示[J]. 華北金融,2010,(2).
[49]鄭衛國,潘望春. 金融危機視角下的金融創新與風險防範[J]. 福建金融,2010,(2).
[50]劉明輝,何敬. 自由與罪惡——金融創新與金融危機[J]. 財務與會計,2010,(1).
② 論文英文參考文獻 急求5本關於農村金融研究的英文版書籍
作者:Brealey,R., S.Myers and F. Allen, 書名:Corperate Finance版本及出版商:McGraw-Hill, 2006(8.Auflage)主要內容:贏利,風險分析,股票,證券發行,投資版及融資相關本文來自: 中國權經濟學教育科研網論壇( http://bbs.cenet.org.cn) 詳細出處參考： http://bbs.cenet.org.cn/dispbbs.asp?boardid=92513&ID=101272
③ 英文論文參考文獻是什麼
留學生在參考文獻的列舉，或者可以說是陳列方面有比較多的標注方法，常見的有五種：Harvard
referencing
system哈佛文獻標記系統；CMS：Chicago
Manual
of
Style(CMS)芝加哥寫作和文獻標注系統；APA
Style：American
Psychological
Association美國心理學會寫作和文獻標記辦法；AMA：American
Medical
Association美國醫學會文獻標注系統；MLA：現代語言學會寫作和文獻標注系統。但是最常用的就是前兩種，今天來說一下哈佛文獻的注釋格式吧！
哈佛文獻注釋體系起源於美國，經過幾十年的發展已經成為一種國際性的學術規范，具備了靈活、簡潔、清楚的特點，對作者和讀者來說都較為方便。它也叫做作者-日期法，每一個引文，無論是直接還是間接都應該分別在兩處註明——在文中引用處註明，在全書或是全文最後的參考書目處註明。
1、在文中引用處注釋。當作者姓名在句子中自然出現，給出作者姓和出版年份，將出版年份在小括弧內；當作者姓名不在句子中自然出現時，姓和出版年份都放在括弧內；被引用的作者在同一年出現了兩部以上著作或發表了兩篇以上的爐溫，用小寫字母abc加以區別，放在年份後面；如果被引用著作有兩位作者，要講兩位作者的姓同時給出等。
2、在全書（文）後參考書目處注釋。所有參考書目以作者姓名的字母順序排列，一個作者有多本著作時，則按年份先後排列順序，一個作者一年內有多本著作出版或論文發表，在年份後按月份先後加小寫字母abc等加以區別。這樣排列的好處是：只有一個按字母順序排列的參考書目，便於讀者查閱；整個文檔不需要腳注；便於修改，即使是最後一刻要刪去或增加某條注釋，可隨時增刪，不需要重新排序；每個注釋只在參考書目中出現一次，而無論它在文中被引用過幾次。
④ 論文的外文參考文獻從哪裡找呢
在中國期刊網http://www.cnki.net/里找，有那種英文的文獻，之後翻譯過來。萬方、維普都可以。或者直版接到外人資料庫找權。
APS美國物理學會電子出版物
AIP美國物理研究所電子出版物
ASME美國機械工程師學會電子期刊
ASCE美國土木工程協會電子期刊
ACS美國化學學會資料庫
IOP英國皇家物理學會期刊
RSC英國皇家化學學會期刊
AIAA美國航空航天學會
John Wiley電子期刊
Kluwer電子期刊
Springer LINK 電子期刊
EBSCO學術、商業信息資料庫
Elsevier Science
IEEE/IEE Electronic Library
ACM Digital Library
但估計你們學校沒有資料庫。
如果找不到乾脆找個中文的自己翻譯過來算了。
⑤ 經濟類論文英文參考文獻
Lin G C S, Yi F. Urbanization of capital or capitalization on urban land? Land development and local public finance in urbanizing China[J]. Urban Geography, 2011, 32(1): 50-79. Robalino J A. Land conservation policies and income distribution: who bears the burden of our environmental efforts?[J]. Environment and Development Economics, 2007, 12(4): 521-533.
⑥ 會計論文相關的英語參考文獻
Accounting for R&D in the National Accounts
Dennis Fixler
Bureau of Economic Analysis
24 February 2009
Paper presented at ASSA meetings in
San Francisco, January 2009
http://bea.doc.gov/papers/pdf/Accounting%20for%20RD_02_09.pdf
Accounting information as political currency*
Karthik Ramanna
Harvard Business School
[email protected]
and
Sugata Roychowdhury
MIT Sloan School of Management
[email protected]
This draft: March 31, 2008
Abstract:
We test whether accounting can be used as political currency. Our setting is the US congressional election of 2004, where outsourcing of US jobs was a campaign issue. We find that the largest corporate donors to principal candidates in closely watched congressional races manage earnings downwards in the two quarters immediately preceding the 2004 election. We find no evidence of such downwards earnings management among corporate donors to candidates in all other congressional races. Election outcomes for candidates are also systematically associated with the extent of donors' downwards earnings management in closely watched races, but not all other races. The findings are consistent with firms managing accounting information in circumstances where this is likely to benefit allied politicians.
http://www.hbs.e/research/pdf/08-100.pdf
哈佛商學院2008年3月31日
⑦ 給提供兩個個論文的英文參考文獻
-- For Jin Zhenghao, this November has been the most stressful month in his 25 years of life.
A financial engineering major at Xiamen University in southeast China's Fujian Province, Jin is desperately trying to find a job before graating in June 2009.
November is when the school gave him time to market himself to potential employers. Jin has sent resumes to nearly 30 companies, resulting in five interviews. So far, he has received no job offers.
Related readings:
Employment heads towards 'grim situation'
Job fairs opened for graates amid financial crisis
China opens nationwide job fairs for graates
Now, Jin is paying 2,000 yuan (US$293) a month to live in Shanghai, the country's financial hub, in hopes of securing more interviews.
"Companies either have few job vacancies or simply don't want new people," Jin told Xinhua over the phone. Only a year ago, he added, graates like him, would end up with job offers from several well-known international or domestic financial companies before graation.
"The situation is obviously very bad this year. The financial crisis is a major reason," said Jin. "I'm really worried."
Many financial companies, particularly international big names, have cut employees this year e to overseas problems in stock markets.
Jin is not the only one to feel the economic shockwave from the developed world. Thousands of factories which used to manufacture shoes, clothes or toys for export, have been closed or are struggling for survival as foreign orders declined.
This not only means there are more unemployed people, but also fewer opportunities for first-time job seekers.
Deputy Minister of Human Resources and Social Security Zhang Xiaojian said here on Thursday that 6.1 million college and university students will graate in the first half of next year.
An additional four million college students who graated in previous years have not found jobs and will also be vying for limited opportunities.
"If companies' demand for new employees drops significantly, finding a job will definitely become more difficult for college students," Zhang said.
Professor Yue Changjun, an expert on ecation and economy at Peking University in Beijing, told China Youth Daily that 67,000 private Chinese companies closed in the first half of this year.
According to Yue, this is a significant figure because private companies employed 34.2 percent of college graates last year.
"How come I can't find a job?" a Peking University student, anonymously named "Rebecca ycj", asked in a message posted on the university's online forum.
The law student said she applied for jobs at several firms, state-owned enterprises, banks and even a news agency, but every time she was refused.
Research from 51job.com, a popular job-seeking website in China, showed the financial service, real estate, foreign trade and manufacturing instries were the hardest hit sectors as a result of the economic slowdown.
The number of job vacancies in financial services, for example, dropped by 12 percent in the July-November period, compared with the same period of last year.
Zhang said the government, schools and students were moving quickly to try to address the difficulties.
A total of 259 job fairs are currently underway throughout China. Nearly 30,000 enterprises, government organs and public institutions will offer more than 500,000 jobs at those fairs before November 30, said Zhang.
"The major idea is to help college graates obtain employment information, create more job opportunities and encourage students to work in less developed geographical areas where they are welcomed," he said.
Prof. Li Daokui of Tsinghua University said because not all sectors are affected by the recession overseas, the prospect of employment isn't as dire as some people feel.
The government announced a 4 trillion yuan stimulus package to boost the economy and domestic demand.
"As long as China's economy maintains 9 percent growth, 10 million new jobs can be created every year," Li said.
Meanwhile, students are encouraged to think more creatively when applying for jobs, for example, they need to lower their salary expectations or consider working in rural instead of urban areas.
In a country with more than 1.3 billion people, college ecation used to be considered a guarantee for good income, a decent work place and a passport to big cities like Beijing and Shanghai. Things have changed now.
Jin said financial risk management companies and consulting firms were his first choice for work because entry-level income can be at least 7,000 yuan a month.
"Now 5,000 yuan or even lower is acceptable, as long as I work in the financial field," he said.
The financial crisis has also made government jobs an unexpected favorite among graates.
A total of 775,000 people applied for a national examination to qualify as government servants. That's the highest number since 1994 and 130,000 people more than applied last year, said Yang Shiqiu, Deputy Minister of Human Resources and Social Security.
"Only 13,500 persons will be recruited, meaning less than two in every 100 people will succeed," he said.
以上為CHINA DAILY
⑧ 畢業論文外文翻譯中這幾個英文的參考文獻翻譯成中文格式的參考文獻
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J.O.卷Spahr期,頁-,國立Adv.新星'k第10期(1998年):725
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Yoshikawa,k
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.太:那麼,N。《內Arai電源容(100)。[3].
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⑨ 高分求國貿專業論文英文參考文獻
1. Risk-Based Capital Standards and the Riskiness of Bank Portfolios: Credit and Factor Risks [5.317%]
Steven R. Grenadier & Brian J. Hall
1995 Downloadable (with restrictions)! Bank risk-based capital (RBC) standards require banks to hold differing amounts of capital for different classes of assets, based almost entirely on a credit risk criterion. The paper provides both a theoretical and empirical framework for evaluating such standards. A model outlining a pricing methodology for loans subject to default risk is presented. The model shows that the returns on such loans are affected by the complicated interaction of the likelihood of default, the consequences of default, term structure variables, and the pricing of factor risks in the economy. When we examine whether the risk weights accurately reflect bank asset risk, we find that the weights fail even in their limited goal of correctly quantifying credit risk. For example, our findings indicate that the RBC weights overpenalize home mortgages, which have an average credit loss of 13 basis points, relative to commercial and consumer loans. The RBC rules also contain a significant bias agains
2. Pricing Derivatives on Financial Securities Subject to Credit Risk [5.058%]
Jarrow, Robert A & Turnbull, Stuart M
Downloadable (with restrictions)! Author(s): Jarrow, Robert A & Turnbull, Stuart M. 1995 Abstract: This article provides a new methodology for pricing and hedging derivative securities involving credit risk. Two types of credit risks are considered. The first is where the asset underlying the derivative security may default. The second is where the writer of the derivative security may default. The authors apply the foreign currency analogy of R. Jarrow and S. Turnbull (1991) to decompose the dollar payoff from a risky security into a certain payoff and a 'spot exchange rate.' Arbitrage-free valuation techniques are then employed. This methodology can be applied to corporate debt and over the counter derivatives, such as swaps and caps. Copyright 1995 by American Finance Association.
3. The nature of credit risk in project finance [5.057%]
Marco Sorge
Downloadable ! Author(s): Marco Sorge. 2004 Abstract: In project finance, credit risk tends to be relatively high at project inception and to diminish over the life of the project. Hence, longer-maturity loans would be cheaper than shorter-term credits.
4. Valuation of Credit Risk in Agricultural Mortgages [5.056%]
Sherrick, Bruce J & Barry, Peter J & Ellinger, Paul N
2000 Downloadable (with restrictions)! A credit-risk valuation model is developed and empirically implemented to estimate the cost of loss distributions across a broad set of loan-level and pool-level characteristics is used to assess insuring against credit risks in pools of agricultural mortgage loans. Probabilistic information about insurance valuation and solvency likelihood. The effects on the value of credit-risk insurance of pool size, dectibles, timing alterations, premium loadings, adverse loan selection, and changing underwriting standards are also estimated. Results indicate that actuarial insurance costs are initially highly sensitive and then become relatively insensitive as pool size increases. Copyright 2000 by American Agricultural Economics Association
5. Could Regional and Cantonal Banks Rece Credit Risk through National Diversification? [5.055%]
Bertrand Rime
2007 Downloadable! This paper evaluates the rection of credit risk that can be achieved in Switzerland by a national diversification of bank lending. Using a credit risk model based on corporate default rates, I find that the risk of a nationally diversified loan portfolio is up to 20% smaller than the sum of the risks of regional portfolios. From a financial stability perspective, this substantial risk diversification potential should motivate particular scrutiny on the more than hundred Swiss banks staying on the regional business model.
6. The Credit Risk Transfer Market and Stability Implications for U.K. Financial Institutions [5.052%]
Li L. Ong & Jorge A. Chan-Lau
Downloadable ! Author(s): Li L. Ong & Jorge A. Chan-Lau. 2006 Abstract: The increasing ability to trade credit risk in financial markets has facilitated its dispersion across the financial and other sectors. However, specific risks attached to credit risk transfer (CRT) instruments in a market with still-limited liquidity means that its rapid expansion may actually pose problems for financial sector stability in the event of a major negative shock to credit markets. This paper attempts to quantify the exposure of major U.K. financial groups to credit derivatives, by applying a vector autoregression (VAR) model to publicly available market prices. Our results indicate that use of credit derivatives does not pose a substantial threat to financial sector stability in the United Kingdom. Exposures across major financial institutions appear sufficiently diversified to limit the impact of any shock to the market, while major insurance companies are largely exposed to the
7. Ratings versus equity-based credit risk modelling: an empirical analysis [5.052%]
Pamela Nickell & William Perraudin & Simone Varotto
Downloadable ! Author(s): Pamela Nickell & William Perraudin & Simone Varotto. Abstract: Banks have recently developed new techniques for gauging the credit risk associated with portfolios of illiquid, defaultable instruments. These techniques could revolutionise banks' management of credit risk and could in the longer term serve as a more risk-sensitive basis for calculating regulatory capital on banks' loan books than the current 8% capital charge. In this paper, examples are implemented of the two main types of credit risk model developed so far: ratings-based and equity-based approaches. Using price data on large eurobond portfolios, the paper assesses, on an out-of-sample basis, how well these models track the risks they claim to measure.
8. Comparing mortgage credit risk policies : an options-based approach [5.050%]
Buckley, Robert & Karaguishiyeva, Gulmira & Van Order, Robert & Vecvagare, Laura
Downloadable ! Author(s): Buckley, Robert & Karaguishiyeva, Gulmira & Van Order, Robert & Vecvagare, Laura. 2003 Abstract: Buckley, Karaguishiyeva,Van Order, and Vecvagare analyze the structure of approaches to mortgage credit risk that are now being used in a number of OECD and transition economies. The authors'basic approach is to show how option pricing models can help measure and evaluate the risks of various schemes. They find that mortgage default insurance can be a cost-effective tool for both improving housing affordability and efficiently addressing some of the rationing that characterizes this market. When correctly structured, as it is in a number of transition and market countries, this kind of program can be expected to rece nonprice rationing at an actuarially fair price. At the same time, considerable care must be exercised in the development of such instruments. Geographical risk diversification, particularly across borders, can play a major role in the success of these programs.
9. Quadratic Portfolio Credit Risk models with Shot-noise Effects [5.049%]
Gaspar, Raquel M. & Schmidt, Thorsten
2005 Downloadable!<BR> We propose a reced form model for default that allows us to derive closed-form solutions to all the key ingredients in credit risk modeling: risk-free bond prices, defaultable bond prices (with and without stochastic recovery) and probabilities of survival. We show that all these quantities can be represented in general exponential quadratic forms, despite the fact that the intensity is allowed to jump procing shot-noise effects. In addition, we show how to price defaultable digital puts, CDSs and options on defaultable bonds. Further on, we study a model for portfolio credit risk where we consider both firm specific and systematic risks. The model generalizes the attempt from Duffie and Garleanu (2001). We find that the model proces realistic default correlation and clustering of defaults. Then, we show how to price first-to-default swaps, CDOs, and draw the link to currently proposed credit indices.
10. Macro stress testing with a macroeconomic credit risk model for Finland [5.049%]
Virolainen , Kimmo
Downloadable ! Author(s): Virolainen , Kimmo. 2004 Abstract: In the discussion paper, we employ data on instry-specific corporate sector bankruptcies over the time period from 1986 to 2003 and estimate a macroeconomic credit risk model for the Finnish corporate sector. The sample period includes a severe recession with significantly higher-than-average default rates in the early 1990s. The results suggest a significant relationship between corporate sector default rates and key macroeconomic factors including GDP, interest rates and corporate indebtedness. The estimated model is employed to analyse corporate credit risks conditional on current macroeconomic conditions. Furthermore, the paper presents some examples of applying the model to macro stress testing, ie analysing the effects of various adverse macroeconomic events on the banks』 credit risks stemming from the corporate sector. The results of the stress tests suggest that Finnish corporate sector credit risks are fairly limited in the current macr